How a battery earns in Poland

Poland runs a single national bidding zone operated by PSE (Polskie Sieci Elektroenergetyczne), with day-ahead volumes cleared on the TGE power exchange inside the European SDAC coupling. The grid is under visible strain — connection conditions have been issued for roughly 240 GW (about 150 GW renewables plus 90 GW storage), renewables curtailment jumped +36% to nearly 590 GWh in the first five months of 2025, and renewables now supply about 29% of generation as coal fell to 45.2%. That volatility is exactly what a battery monetises: Poland’s 30-day day-ahead spread averaged about €150/MWh — roughly 127% of the average price — the raw arbitrage base a storage unit captures by charging cheap and discharging into the peak. Unlike some neighbours, Poland backs storage directly: the NFOŚiGW subsidy programme (PLN 4.15 bn, ~€1 bn) awarded grants in December 2025 to 172 projects totalling ~14,500 MWh, stackable with capacity-market contracts, while reformed balancing rules and PSE’s PICASSO aFRR entry (July 2025) add ancillary revenue at ~PLN 180/MW/h × the hours the grid needs reserve.

€150/MWh

Day-ahead spread — 127% of the average price (30 days)

14,500MWh

Storage subsidised under NFOŚiGW (PLN 4.15 bn, 172 projects)

590GWh

Renewables curtailed in 5 months of 2025 (+36% year-on-year)